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Select a Lesson
- Lesson 1 Drawings and
Specifications
- Lesson 2 Woodworking
Tools, Materials, and Methods
- Lesson 3 Fiber Line,
Wire Rope, and Scaffolding
- Lesson 4 Leveling and
Grading
- Lesson 5 Concrete
- Lesson 6 Working with
Concrete
- Lesson 7 Masonry
- Lesson 8 Light Floor
and Wall Framing
- Lesson 9 Roof Framing
- Lesson 10 Roof Construction
and Trim Carpentry
- Lesson 11 Exterior Finish
of Walls
- Lesson 12 Interior Finish
of Walls and Ceilings
- Lesson 13 Interior Finish
of Floors, Stairs, Doors, and Trim
- Lesson 14 Plastering,
Stuccoing, and Ceramic Tile
- Lesson 15 Structural
Coatings and Preservatives
- Lesson 16 Project
Planning, Estimating and Scheduling
Lesson 1 Drawings
and Specifications
By this time in your career, you have probably worked as an
apprentice on various building projects. You probably did your tasks without thinking much
about what it takes to lay out structures so they will conform to their location, size,
shape, and other building features. In this chapter, you will learn how to extract these
types of information from drawings and specifications. You will also be shown how to draw,
read, and work from simple shop drawings and sketches.
1-1
Design of Structural Members
1-2 Drawings
1-3
Sectional Views
1-4
Schedules
Lesson 2
Woodworking Tools, Materials, and Methods
- As a builder, hand and power woodworking tools are essential
parts of your trade. To be a proficient woodworking craftsman, you must be able to select,
use, and maintain a large variety of field and shop tools effectively. Keep in mind that
you are responsible for knowing and observing all safety precautions applicable to the
tools and equipment you operate.
- Lesson 3 Fiber
Line, Wire Rope, and Scaffolding
- This lesson presents information on how to use fiber line,
wire rope, and timber in rigging and erecting hoisting devices (such as shear legs,
tripods, blocks and tackles), and different types of scaffolds and ladders. Formulas are
given on how to determine or find the safe working load of these materials.
- Lesson 4 Leveling
and Grading
- This lesson describes the common types of leveling
instruments. It also describes their principles, uses, procedures of establishing
elevations, and techniques of laying outbuilding lines. As a builder, you will find the
information especially useful in performing such duties as setting up a level, reading a
leveling rod, interpreting and setting grade stakes, and setting batterboards. Also
included in this lesson are practices and measures that help prevent slides and cave-ins
at excavation sites, and the procedures for computing volume of land mass.
- Lesson 5 Concrete
- Concrete is one of the most important construction
materials. It is comparatively economical, easy to make, offers continuity and solidity,
and will bond with other materials. The keys to good-quality concrete are the raw
materials required to make concrete and the mix design as specified in the project
specifications. In this lesson, we’ll discuss the characteristics of concrete, the
ingredients of concrete, concrete mix designs, and mixing concrete. We’ll conclude
the lesson with a discussion of precast and tilt-up concrete.
- Lesson 6 Working
with Concrete
- Concrete is the principal construction material used in most
construction projects. The quality control of concrete and its placement are essential to
ensure its final strength and appearance. Proper placement methods must be used to prevent
segregation of the concrete. This lesson provides information and guidance for the
forming, placement, finishing, and curing of concrete. Information is also provided on the
placement of reinforcing steel, and the types of ties required to ensure nonmovement of
reinforcing once positioned. You will also be provided necessary information on concrete
construction joints and the concrete saw. At the end of the chapter, you will find helpful
references.
- Lesson 7 Masonry
- Originally, masonry was the art of building a structure from
stone. Today, it refers to construction consisting of units held together with mortar,
such as concrete block, stone, brick, clay tile products, and, sometimes, glass block. The
characteristics of masonry work are determined by the properties of the masonry units and
mortar and by the methods of bonding, reinforcing, anchoring, tying, and joining the units
into a structure.
- Lesson 8 Light
Floor and Wall Framing
- In the normal sequence of construction events, the floor and
wall activities follow the completed foundation work. In this chapter, we’ll examine
established methods of frame construction and discuss in general how floor and wall
framing members are assembled. An explanation of subflooring installation, exterior
sheathing, interior partitions, and rough openings for doors and windows is also given.
- Lesson 9 Roof
Framing
- In this lesson, we introduce you to the fundamentals of roof
design and construction. We discuss the framing square and learn how it’s used to
solve some basic construction problems. Thern we examine various types of roofs and
rafters, and techniques for laying out, cutting, and erecting rafters. The lesson
concludes with a discussion of the types and parts of roof trusses.
- Lesson 10 Roof
Construction and Trim Carpentry
- The previous chapters have dealt with framing wood
structures, including joists, studs, rafters, and other structural members. These
constitute "rough carpentry" and are the main supports of a wood-frame
structure. (Subflooring and wall and roof sheathing strengthen and brace the frame.) The
remaining work on the structure involves installing the nonstructural members. This work,
referred to as "finish carpentry," is divided into exterior and interior finish.
Exterior finish material consist of roof sheathing, exterior trim, roof coverings, outside
wall covering, and exterior doors and windows.
- Lesson 11 Exterior
Finish of Walls
- This lesson continues the discussion of exterior finishing.
The previous lesson covered roof finishing; this lesson examines the exterior finishing of
walls, including exterior doors, windows, and glass.
- Lesson 12 Interior
Finish of Walls and Ceilings
- Builders are responsible for finishing the interior of the
buildings of a construction project. Interior finish consists mainly of the coverings of
the rough walls, ceilings, and floors, and installing doors and windows with trim and
hardware. This lesson discusses wall and ceiling coverings, including the closely related
topics of insulation and ventilation. The next lesson deals with floor coverings, stairway
construction, and interior door and wood trim installation.
- Lesson 13 Interior
Finish of Floors, Stairs, Doors, and Trim
- This lesson continues the discussion of interior finishing.
This lesson examines the common types of flooring and the construction procedures for a
stairway and interior doorframing. It also deals with the types of wood trim and the
associated installation procedures.
- Lesson 14 Plaster,
Stucco, and Ceramic Tile
- This lesson provides information on the procedures, methods,
and techniques used in plastering, stuccoing, and tile setting. Also described are various
tools, equipment, and materials the builder uses when working with these materials.
- Lesson 15 Structural
Coatings and Preservatives
- The final stage of most construction projects is the
application of protective coatings, or "painting." As with all projects, you
should follow the plans and specifications for surface preparation and application of the
finish coat. The specifications give all the information you need to complete the tasks.
But, to have a better understanding of structural coatings, you need to know their
purposes, methods of surface preparation, and application techniques.
Lesson
16 Project Planning, Estimating and Scheduling |
This is an apprentice-level course for the building
construction trades.
The content of this course is modified from a training manual
provided by the U.S. Army. Occasional references to military situations and building
specifications do not detract from the relevance of the lesson to civilian builders.
 Learners who are
using this course material also visit Free-Ed.Net's
School of Building & Construction, where you can find additional
construction and carpentry courses. Naturally they are free. |
