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General

Skin patches are divided into two general types: the lap and flush patches. A lap patch is externally applied and has its edges overlapping the skin. The patch's overlapping portions are riveted to the skin. This kind of patch is permitted in certain areas on some aircraft, but only where aerodynamic smoothness is unimportant. The flush patch, shown in Figure 2-2, is inserted into the repaired area and is riveted to a reinforcement plate (doubler) that in turn is riveted to the inside of the skin.

Figure 2-2. Flush Patch Repair of a Small Hole.

Accessibility to the damaged area and procedures outlined in the appropriate technical manual determine how damaged skin is to be repaired. Most of an aircraft's skin is inaccessible from the inside for making repairs. This skin is designated closed skin. Where aerodynamic smoothness is not required, this skin can be repaired conventionally, using specified standard rivets.

In general, however, closed-skin repairs require some kind of special fastener. The exact fastener depends on the kind of repair and the manufacturer's recommendation. This section discusses stress intensity, patching procedures, repairs on watertight and pressurized areas, flush access doors, and skin replacement.

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